Stenciling material.



W. G. FUERTE.

STENGILING MATERAL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 1o, 1907.

1,092,768, Patented Apr. 7, 1914.

onrrnn sentirne harian-ur oosten,

WILLIAM G. EUERTH, OF NEWARK, 'NEW JERSEY, ASSIG'NOR, BY MESNE AESGNMENTS, TO UNDERWOOD TYIEW'RITER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, Ill. Y., A CORPOR-TION OF DELAEVARE.

s'rnn'omue MATERIAL.

i ,enanos Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr, "t,

Application filed January 10, 1907. Serial No. 351,84;

To 7l Awho/u it may concern .lle 1t known that l, Winni/xn G. ltnnn'ru,

a citizen ol the United States, residing. iny

als, oi which the following is a specification.

, warring' or dcstroyilug the This invention relates to the art ofproducing typewrittenstencils,vin which a wax sheet is laid upon abacking sheet and both introduced into a typcuritm r machine and writtenupon to form stenci characters in the wax sheet; a tissue sheetbeingusually placed .over the wax shcct'so that the types nuiy not contactwith the Wax.

The wax sheet is extremely delicate, and

iti'it is wrinkled in handling or in passi/pg,

through the rolls'of the typewritinginachine, a crack is produced inthewax, thus stencil; because in subsequent use the ink will work throughthe crack in 'the wax and zle'fuce the stem-lied she-ets, Many backingpapers -are often typewritten chaacters thereon is liable to wrinkle, sothat the delicate stencil sheet does not have an even. and uniformsupport, and becomes broken or cracked as it passes through the rolls;since any un evenness in the hackingr sheet imparts itselfl to thestencil sheet and mim-es il. liloreouer it is found that in some easesthe backing` sheet is nt`sutlicicntly *flexible to cling` tightly andsmoothly to the cylindrical platen ot' the writing amehin'e, but hulgesout therefrom, so that the alinenicnt of the spoiled. ll/loreover thestencil sheet sprung in and out at each type stroke, thereby tending toserious injury. Moreover the cylindrical rubber platone of typmvritingmachines areA often permanently indented by the types, even to an extentof showing corragations all over the platen; and it is found thatstencils cannot be properly'poduced on such platens. It is also foundthat the usual 'backing sheet is easily embossed or punched by thetypes, and thereby immediately rendered roughand incapable ot use inmaking slibse ,ilei1t stencils, Backin sheets have been also open to theeompaint of being granular. in construction and having spots 'or areasthat are softer than others and more liable to indentation by the types,to the detriment of the backing sheet and as well of the stencil. lt isfurther Jfound there are differences in the clcarness and excell lenceof thcstencils, due to the difference in the evenness or softness of the'rubber platens, the latter, as is well known, varying greatly in thisrespect in different machines even of the same manufacture. l

The oiled and polished backing;r sheets sometimes employed areobjectionable because thc stencil sheet is liable to shift thereon,owing to the smoothnessof the hacking sheet, so that the stencil oftenruns irregularly"5 through the typewritingdinachine, which is anobjection, since the lines do not appear in the proper posit-ion or`with proper spaclng. lt is also difficult lo introduce the leading edgesof an assemblage, composed of stencil sheet, backing sheet, andprotectin` sheet, into the typewriting machine, since the sheets takentogether make a wad which is hard to introduce between thc rolls of amachine.

By my invention the semhiagc of sheets to be introduced into atypewriting machine to prepare a typewrit ten stencil, con'lprising' awaxed stcneil'sheet, a hard backing, and an intervening soft sheetcontiguous to the stencil-sheet; said lmcking,l consisting` ohigh-grade, tou h, cold-pressed, -nnsurfaccd stout Fourdrinier papcr,ofmedium rough surface and uniform hardness andfuniform high elasticity,formed'of finely-' sound Manila rope and substantiall ulutdujlterated,its fibers fully interlaced tiroughout, and suliicient-l thick not to beembossed bytthe typcs during the making of the stencils! The backing hasa tough ber, being made by grinding up Manila ro )e or cordage. It is ofuniform hardness, t at is, ithas no soft spots. It is preferablyWater-'finished thereby -conducing to its strength. It is cold-pressed,being passed through chilled calenders at the completion of the process0f its manufacturel in a Fourdrinier machine; and these @donders/,giveit a medium smooth finish considering its coarse mate` 'c is provided anas- Arial. It contains little or nov sizing, and

has Ano' sizingr at all upon its surface; and it is not oiled, lt.contains nonood/onstuilids, lt is unpolislied andlearly imper Ineabletoavatei' This backing a great deal stronger than the paper which com--`monly passes forfManila paper,l and which usually contains i'ittlc orno ltlanili fiber. l`here is substantially nothing' in this backing butthe Manila rope fibers. lt

passing through the usual should weigh about ninety pounds 'to a ream ofsheets 4each 24x36 inches, which may be eut,up into the vproper size forstenciling purposes. The backing is difficult to split into sheets, etthe same size as the original, as, if. a split is started, thepapertends to flake olf, this being due to the thorough interlacing ofthe fibers; and having said characteristic, it is enabled to resist thetendency of the types to indent it. ,4

' The backin paper has aeharaeteristie hardness whic i enables it toresist the blows of the types. This resistance is .midterm for allplatens, that is, itmakes noisubstantial ditlerencewhether the stencilis made on ar very soft platen or a very hardl platen, be cause thebacking in neither case is em; bossed by the type blows; and it can beused Y for an indefinitely large number of stencils before its fiberwill become injured or pulpy.- It also prevents the platen from beingpunched full of indentations. No ordinary type-bar blow is-strong enoughto puncture the backing.

The backing can be used with the extracting or the melting out process.This backing is not granular nor uneven, nor does it have soft spots init. It doesnot break nor crease in handlin It gets its ltoughness andits evenness rom being rolled repeatedly in calenders. There is nounevenness,

in the backing to become imparted to the stencil-sheet to iniure itespecially wh'en paper rolls or in a typewriting machine. 'i This backingpaper is very flexible and clings to `the cylindrical platen withoutbulgings0 that the alincment of the type writer characters thereon ispreserved, and the stencil-sheet is not sprungin and out at each typestroke, and hence injuring thereto is avoided. The stencil-sheet itself,which is very sensitive to injury, must lie close.

matter irregular and otherwise to injure it.V

The backing has a surface analogous to a nap, that gives it a grip uponthe sheet, to hold it frornfshifting.. r

Generally soft platens are used, because they give finer typewrittenworkwith the ordinary ink ribbon; but it has been found necessary toemploy hard platensA toget good results. This backing renders itimmaterial whether a Very sott or a very hard .platen is used; in allcases. substantially the eamequality of stencil will be produced.

The backing will not absorb the wax when the latter Yis struck by thetypes, so

tween the stencil sheet and the hard back'-n `tl1at a softl absorbentsheet is placed being. The soft sheet not only takes the wax' cacious tocoperate with the types to remove the wax from the stencil sheet, andthe the removed wax.

Inlthe accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a face view and Fig.'2 a'n,edgeview showing one manner `of assembling stenciling sheets.

The backino sheet already describedds marked A. llpon this is placed'asoft, ahsorbent, thin backing B. Upon the latter is l other sheet softand absorbent to take up laid the waxed stencil sheet C; and the lat-v'ter may be covered by a tissuesheet D.

The sheets have all preferably thesalne wviclth, so that they may bereadily lined upv or accurately superposed, for introduction into thetypewriting machine.

Y The hacking sheet near one end is illustrated as provided withincisions E forming tongues F, which extend toward the body of loa thesheet. The leading edges ofthe other f sheets may be slipped underthese' tongues,

as seen at Fig. 2, as far as they will go, so that the vtongues at thelrbases coperate to torni :i gage tor the leading edges of the 1nsortedsheets. Thetongues `also retain the.

inserted sheets in proper relation as'jthey pass through the rolls ofthe typewriter. It-

will be seen that wheuintrodueing the assemblage it-is'only necessary toinsert a single thickness,namely, the top edge of the backing sheet,between the rolls of the typewriter; and the rolls will thereuponcopcrate to pull the entire assemblage through the machine, without anyliability of disar ranging the sheets or of wrinkling the same.

It lwill be further understood that th roughness of the backingshcetaids the tongues'in accentuated by several features. Qne is that thecuts being made' straight throughl the` are of considerable width withrespect to the` sheet so that there is some give to them, and when thebacking sheet with the clamped thereto is inserted into the machine thepressure of the platen will have atendeney to .force the tongue downinto the incision to some extent, thereby accentuating the grippingaction. Another feature is the rounded shape of the lower part of theinesions and tongues. This helps toward the same end, that is therounded shape gives a sort of draw or pinch to the wad of insertedsheets. i

The types sink somewhat into the sof; backing B, but do not indent orcorrugate or' emboss the hard backing A. Theflatter moreover serves tocorrect the roughness or corrugated condition of worn platens, so that aclear and satisfactory stencil is produced.

The sheets may with great facility be gathered and slipped in under thetonfvues, where they are given immediate register, without loss of time;and they cannot thereafter shift. The tongues will accommodate anynumber of sheets desired, as sometimes a carbon sheet is placed behindthe stencil sheet in order to prove the stencil. All such sheets will becompactly held by the tongues and kept in register.

Having thus described niyinvention, I claim:

l. A backingY sheet for use ina typewrit` ing machine, said sheet formedof material which is practically unfolda-ble, and 4incised betweenits-ends to form a set of tongues, said tongues near one endI off'thesheet and directed toward the body of the sheet, a marthe sheet, toform` a thin Y the sheet for easy introduction gin,K being lett betweensaid tongues and the leading edge; ot the'sheet, to form a thin portionfor easy`introduction between the rolls of the typewriter; saidback-inosheet formed of material suiiiciently stili'l and rough toprevent the sheets carried by said tongues from slipping on .saidbacking sheet.

2. A backing sheet for use in a typewriting machine, saidsheet formed ofmaterial which is hard, tough and practically unfoldable, and incisedbetween its ends to form a set of tongues, said tongues near one end ofthe sheet and directed toward the body of the sheet, a maigin being leftbetween said tongues and the leading edge ot' portion for easyintroduction between the rolls vofthe typewriter; said backing sheetformed of material sufliciently stiff and rough to prevent the sheetscarried by said tongues from slipping on said backing sheet. A

3. A backing sheetjof heavy tough. and rough material having near oneend rounded end incisions and tongues correspondingly cut out so roundedends pointing toward the body of the sheet, the upper eudsot the tonguesbeing in line to form a gage for sheets inserti ed between the tonguesand. the body ot' the sheet and the tongues being sniieiently elastie toexert a gripping action uJon a` wad of inserted sheets and carhons analso-wide enough to yield somewhat under the pressure of the platenwhereby their gripping action is accentuated, a margin on the backingsheet being left between the straight ends of the tongues and -theleading edges of rolls of a typewriting machine.

WILLIAM e. FUERTE.

Witnesses:

Devin Gtmron'r, GUSTAVE lV. Fmsn'rir.

as to have sharp edges, the

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between the

